主题：英美文学串讲

前言：

大家好！为了帮助广大的考生在有效的时间内达到较好的复习效果，以下总结了近几年来京城一些名师的串讲资料，以及上课老师所讲的重点内容．对于没有上过课的学生，相信它会给您一个指导性的作用，帮助您达到事半功倍的效果！而对于上过课的考生来说，再看以下的串讲内容效果当然会更好！

以下的串讲内容包括三方面内容：
第一部分：介绍考试题型及评分标准
第二部分：考试习题集 (以串讲内容及课本重点知识为依据)．
(由于时间有限，难免有不足，还请大家原谅!)

Wish you all Success! Good Luck!

Part I Introduction about Examination:
1) 考试题型
第一部分： 选择题：
I. Multiple Choice: (40 points, 1 point for each)
E.g. Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies are the following works except ____.
A. Hamlet
B. King Lear
C. Romeo and Juliet
D. Othello
Answer: C. (可参考课本P33)

II. Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 points for each)
也就是根据选读中的一句话或一段话，回答三个问题，这些完成来自于书上，在以下的串讲中我们会给大家做具体的总结，以帮助大家顺利的通过考试！

例如：
2001年考过的一个题目：

“Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere;/Destroy and Preserver’ hear, O hear!”

Questions:
A. Identify the poem and the poet.
B. What is the "Wild Spirit"?
C. What does the "Wild Spirit" destroy and preserve?

Answer:
A: Shelly’s "Ode to the West wind"
雪莱的《西风颂》

B. The West wind: "breath of Autumn’s being’’

C. It destroys things /thoughts / idea that are dead, it preserves new life. (or seeds that represent new life or new birth.)
(可参考课本P211)
评分标准：
A,B,各1分，C,2分. 语言错误酌情扣分

第二部分是非选择题 (共44分)
III. Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 points for each)

例如："My boy!" said the old gentleman, learning over the desk. Oliver started at the sound. He might be excused for doing so, for the words were kindly said, and strange sounds frighten one. He trembled violently, and burst into tears." (Charles Dickens, Oliver Twist)
Explain why the boy (Oliver Twist) started first, then trembled violently and burst into tears when the words were” kindly" said.

参考答案：
The boy started at the words because kind words were not expected; it is (was, must be) the first time in all his life that the boy (Oliver Twist) had been “kindly” greeted; strange sounds may predict another suffering/misfortune/torture/…) (At least one example from the text to back up the above statement.)

评分标准：
概述占4分, 例子占2分．语言错误酌情扣分．

IV. Topic discussion (20 points in all, 10 points for each)
Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics
in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.

例如：
Mark Twin presented the 19th century American in his own unique way. Discuss Twain’s art of fiction: the setting, the language, and the characters, etc., based on his novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.

参考答案：
A.Mark Twain uses the Mississippi alley as his fictional kingdom, writing about the landscape and people, the customs and the dialects of one particular region, and therefore known as a local colorist.

B.He creates life-like characters, especially the unconventional Huckleberry Finn, who runs away from civilization and stands opposite to conventional village morality.

C.He uses a simple, direct vernacular language, totally different from any precious literary language. It is the kind of colloquial language belonging to the lower class, the living local American English.

D.He has created a special humor to satirize social injustice and the decayed convention.

评分标准：
A,B, C三点各三分，D点1分．语言错误酌情扣分．

注意: 在做这一类题时，不必死记硬背，一些不认识的生词可以换成你较熟悉的词来代替，只要意思表达清楚，把关键词答上，就可以得到基本的分数．切忌在做题的过程中死记硬背，这样很容易在考试中遗忘所及的内容，要在理解的基础上，融会贯通，充分发挥！万一考试时忘了也不能放弃，宁可多写，也不能少些或不写．

附: 非选择题的评分标准：
1. 提供的答案仅供参考．如果考生答出了参考答案的多数要点，
而且某些要点有较好发挥，可给满分． 如果考生的回答与参考答案不完全吻合， 但确实有理由据， 能够自圆其说， 可适当给分．如果考生的答案在一两点上有创新， 即使在整体上不够全面， 也应酌情给高分， 但不应超过该题的最高分值．分数不得超过该题的最高分值．分数不得出现0.5分．

2. 考生答非所问不给分．

3. 阅卷时，内容和语言要综合考虑．语言表达不好的要适当扣分． 评判语言好坏及扣分原则如下：
1)语言通顺， 表达清楚， 很少语法错误和拼写错误，则基本根据内容评分．
2)语言基本通顺， 有少数语法错误和拼写错误， 应扣去该题分值的，应扣去该题分值的20%.
3)语言不通顺， 表达不连贯， 有较多语法错误和拼写错误，应扣去该题分值的40%.
4)语言很不通顺，无法表达连贯的意思， 应扣去该题分值的60%.

注: 英美文学这本书共八章，英国文学是五章，美国文学是三章，而在考试中, 英国文学占55%--60%, 美国文学占40%--45%，所以大家要分清主次，以便能在有效地时间内达到最好的效果！切忌：在看串讲资料的过程中，不能只记选择题的答案，一定要记住考点，融会贯通，灵活运用！

Part One: English Literature

Chapter I An Introduction to Old and Medieval English Literature & The Renaissance Period

I. Choose the right answer:

1. Dr. Faustus is a play based on the _____legend of a magician aspiring for ____ and finally meeting his tragic end as a result of selling his soul to the Devil.

A.British/ immorality
B.French/money
C.German/knowledge
D.American/political power
Answer: C (可参考课本P21)

2. _____, is a typical example of Old English poetry, is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons.

A.The Wife’s Complaint
B.Beowulf
C.The Dream of the Rood
D.The Seafarer
Answer: B (可参考课本P1)

3.It’s Chaucer alone who, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English Society in his masterpiece__________.

A.The Canterbury Tales
B.The Legend of Good Women
C.Troilus and Criseyde
D. The Romaunt of the Rose.
Answer: A (可参考课本P4)

4. The Essence of Renaissance, the most significant intellectual movement, was_____.

A. Geographical exploration
B. Religious reformation
C. Publishing and translation
D. Humanism.
Answer: D (可参考课本P8)

5. “Prince Arthur’s greatest mission is his search for Gloriana, with whom he has fallen in love through a love vision.”The two figures come from_____.

A.Paradise Lost
B.Dr. Faustus
C.The Faerie Queene
D.Hamlet
Answer: C (可参考课本P13)

6. In “Sonnet 18”, Shakespeare_________________.

A.Meditate on the destructive power of time and eternal beauty by poetry.
B.Satirize human’s vanity.
C.Predict the eternity of love.
D.Eulogize the power of the beauty.
Answer: A (P37)

7. ____ gave new vigor to the blank verse with his “mighty lines” and make ’blank verse’ the principle vehicle of expression in drama.

A.Surrey
B.Wyatt
C.Marlowe
D.Sidney
Answer: C (P21)

8. Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies are the following works except____.

A.Hamlet
B.King Lear
C.Romeo and Juliet
D.Othello
Answer: C (P33)

9. The Renaissance refers to between 14th----mid-17th century, which was under the reign of Queen___and absolute monarchy in England reached its summit, and in which the ’real mainstream (真正的文学主流)’ was ____.

A.Victoria/poetry
B.Elizabeth/ drama
C.Mary/ novel
D.James/ drama
Answer: B (P11)

10. In The Legend of Good Women, Chaucer used for the first time in English the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter, which is to be called later____.

A.The Spenserian stanza
B.The heroic couplet
C.The blank verse
D.The free verse
Answer: B (P5)

11. The Redcrosse Knight in “The Faerie Queene” stands for_____, and Una stands for_____.

A.bravery/ chastity
B.holiness/ truth
C.error/ delivery
D.true gentleman/ lady.
Answer: B (P16)

12. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the characteristics of Renaissance?

A.Rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture.
B.Attempt to remove the old feudalist ideas in Medieval Europe.
C.Exaltation of man’s pursuit of happiness in his life, and tolerance of man’s foibles.
D.Praise of man’s efforts in soul delivery and personal salvation.
Answer: D (P7)

13. “The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune” is an example of ______.

A.Metaphor
B.Simile
C.Irony
D.Personification
Answer: A (P55)

14. _____ introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England.

A.Anglos/ Saxons
B.Normans/ Anglo-Saxons
C.Greeks/ Romans
D.Romans/ Normans
Answer: B (P11)

15. It is ___ alone who, for the first time in English literature presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life.

A.Edmund Spenser
B.Geoffrey Chaucer
C.William Shakespeare
D.John Donne
Answer: B (P4)

16. The following belong to the characteristics of ’metaphysical poetry’ represented by ’John Donne’ except___.

A.Conceits
B.Actual imagery and simple diction
C.Argumentative form
D.Elegant style
Answer: D (P63)

17. Paradise Lost is actually a story taken from____.

A.Greek Mythology
B.Roman legend
C.The Old Testament
D.The New Testament
Answer: C (P73)

18. In “Paradise Lost”, Satan says “We may with more successful hope resolve/ To wage by force or guile eternal war, / Irreconcilable to our grand Foe” What does the “Eternal war” mean?

A.To remove God from his throne
B.To burn the Heaven Down
C.To corrupt God’s creation of man and woman-----Adam and Eve
D.To beguile into a snake to threaten man’s life
Answer: C (P71, 节选部分在P75)

19. _____, the first of the great tragedies, is generally regarded as Shakespeare’s most popular play on the stage, for it has the qualities of a “blood-and-thunder” thriller and a ’philosophical exploration’ of life and death.

A.The Merchant of Venice
B.Hamlet
C.King Lear
D.The Winter’s Tale
Answer: B (P33)

20. It was ___and ___ the two conquests that provided the source for the rise and growth of English literature.

A.Anglos/ Saxons
B.Normans/ Anglo-Saxons
C.Romans/ Normans
D.Greeks/ Romans
Answer: B (P1)

21. Paradise Lost is ___’s masterpiece, which is an epic in 12 books, written in blank verse, about the heroic revolt of Satan against God’s authority.

A.John Donne
B.Christopher Marlowe
C.John Milton
D.Edmund Spenser
Answer: C (P71)

22. The following description fit into Milton ’except’_____.

A.a great revolutionary poet of the 17th century
B.an outstanding political pamphleteer
C.a great stylist and master of blank verse
D.a kind of elegant and refine style.
Answer: D (P70---73)

23. _____is not written by John Milton.

A.Samson Agonistes
B.Paradise Lost
C.Paradise regained
D.Tamburlaine
Answer: D (P71)

24. Marlow’s greatest achievement is that he perfected the ’blank verse’, and he is regarded as ’the pioneer of English drama’, which of the following is not written by him?

A.Tamburlaine
B.The Jew of Malta
C.The Passionate to His Love
D.The Sun Rising
Answer: D (P20)

25. ____Essays is the first example of that genre in English literature, which has been recognized as an important landmark in the development of English prose.

A.John Milton’s
B.Francis Bacon’s
C.Montaigne’s
D.Thomas Gray’s
Answer: B (P58)

26. _____Was known as “the poets’ poet”.

A.William Shakespeare
B.Edmund Spenser
C.John Donne
D.John Milton
Answer: B (P15)

27. “And we will make thee beds of roses / And a thousand fragrant posies/ A cap of flowers, and a kirtle/ Embroidered all with leaves of myrtle.” The above lines are probably taken from______.

A.Spenser’s The Faerie Queene
B.John Donne’s The Sun Rising
C.Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18
D.Marlow’s The Passionate Shepherd to His Love.
Answer: D (P28)